![]() R_1-\Phi_1=2I_1+B_1+ \varepsilon_1 \qquad \mbox (shifted) is shown in the last row in meters of L1 signal delay. ![]() INVITES Contracting Governments to the Convention to note that the 2011 ESP Code will become effective upon entry into force of the associated. Since the ionospheric term has opposite sign in code and carrier measurements, it does not cancel in the R-\Phi combination, but on the contrary, its effect is twofold. ADOPTS the International Code on the Enhanced Programme of Inspections during Surveys of Bulk Carriers and Oil Tankers, 2011 (2011 ESP Code), as set out in the annex to the present resolution 2. Kids Fly Free and access to our LOWEST fares for one full year, DISCOUNT DEN will have you flying more for less. \varepsilon_1 and \epsilon_1 account for the code and carrier thermal noise and multipath. Read Section Ins 6101.05 - Continuance of Coverage in Situations Involving Replacement of One Carrier by Another, N.H. B_1 is the carrier phase ambiguity term, which is constant along continuous carrier phase arcs. I_1 represents the frequency dependent terms as the ionosphere and instrumentals delays. Where r includes all non-dispersive terms such as geometric range, satellite and receiver clock offset and tropospheric delay. The single frequency code ( R_1) and carrier ( \Phi_1) measurements can be written in a simplified form as (see Combining pairs of signals and clock definition): ![]() The time variation of the ionosphere introduces a bias in the single frequency smoothed code ( Carrier-smoothing), due to the code-carrier divergence.
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